通常英文杂志社会使用专业查重软件对收到的初稿进行重复率判断，一旦论文的总体相似率（重复率）超过30%，编辑就会要求修改或者可能直接拒稿。所以，许多作者投稿英文医学杂志，会收到文章重复率过高的修改意见，要求将其重复率降至15~20% 及以下。目前有许多英文稿件的查重软件或网上服务平台，免费的或收费的，如CrossCheck (中文网站、英文查重机构，https://crosscheck.com.cn/）。建议作者在投稿前自行完成查重，以节省时间。
英文医学杂志写作有其规范要求，一般按照文章的标题（Title）, 摘要（Abstract）, 背景介绍 （Introduction）, 方法与材料（Methods and Materials）,研究结果 （Results）, 讨论 （Discussion）等部分组成。有些作者的英文写作能力薄弱，往往会参考已发表的相似论文来组织自己的文稿，其中很大篇幅是拷贝他人的句子进行改写。在这种情形下，论文的重复率往往会很高，甚至超过50%——因为现在的查重软件多使用人工智能（AI），可将不连续的六个词重复也判定为重复。
下面就谈谈如何修改文稿，降低重复率。
一、方法与材料通常是高重复率的部分。因为论文写作中使用的方法与材料往往类似，所以描述容易雷同。修改思路可参考以下例句：
例句1： P<0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference between groups. （红色标记的部分是高重复率的单词）
改写后的句子：In the tests, p-value < 0.05 was the criteria to determine the statistically significant difference among the groups.
例句2：The analysis results were presented as mean ± standard error (SD).
改写后的句子：All the data in this study were statistically analyzed, with the results shown as mean ± standard error (SD).
例句3：Male C57BL/6 mice, 6-8 weeks old, with an average weight of 20-25 g, were purchased from Charles River. All mice were housed in the animal room (temperature 25±2°C, relative humidity 50-70%, 12 h light and 12 h dark cycle, free access to food and water) at XXX Hospital.
改写后的句子：C57BL/6 mice (male, 6-8 weeks old, 20-25 g) were obtained from the Company of Charles River, all of which were housed in the animal facility of XXX hospital, where keeps the room temperature at 25±2°C, relative humidity 50-70%, the light/dark cycle (12 h each), and free accession of water and food.
二、改变句子的主语，或谓语（动词），达到改变句子结构的目的，但保留原句所要表达的意思。
例句4：XX disease (XXD) is currently considered as the leading cause of death all over the world. Preventive screening of XXD at an earlier stage can significantly reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis.
改写后的句子：Early diagnosis of XX disease (XXD), a leading cause of death worldwide, is an effective strategy to decrease the mortality of the XXD patients and improve their prognosis.
例句5：There were 818 patients examined by a coronary angiography. All of them had an echocardiography one day before the angiography was conducted. Patients with ≥50% luminal stenosis in one or more major epicardial coronary arteries were considered as XXD positive patients. Based on such criteria, 497 of those 818 patients are XXD positive.
改写后的句子：818 subjects received an examination of echocardiography one day before their angiography. Among 818 patients, only 497 were diagnosed as XXD by coronary angiography (with ≥50% luminal stenosis in one or more major epicardial coronary arteries).
例句6：For example, IFN is secreted during XXX through interferon expressed on certain cancer cells such as sarcoma, melanoma and leukemia and immune cells α and β receptors ultimately mediate chemotaxis and immune stimulation. The XXX process of YYY above will lead to the secretion of immunogenic signals in tumor cells, which can activate dendritic cells and change immunosuppression in tumors. Previous studies have reported that some chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin, bleomycin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, bortezomib, and cyclophosphamide as well as some anticancer agents can induce XXX and stimulate the immune response against tumors.
改写后的句子：For example, during period of XXX, a rapid production of type I interferon (IFN) is stimulated by malignant cells via activation of the endosomal pattern recognition receptor Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). On the other hand, secreted IFN can bind to IFN-α and IFN-β receptors (IFNARs) expressed on the surface of cancer cells, to trigger the release of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) which mediates chemotaxis and immune stimulation to cancer cells. The XXX process of YYY as mentioned above induces the secretion of immunogenic signals in tumor cells, which can also activate dendritic cells to attenuate immunosuppression in tumors. Previous studies showed that some chemotherapeutic agents, such as cyclophosphamide, bleomycin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, and bortezomib (注意药物的顺序也改变了) can induce XXX and stimulate the anti-tumor immune response.
三、在修改重复内容的时候尽量变换句式，最常见的方式是将主动句变成被动句，而不改变原来的意思。
例句7：In this study, we systematically studied the relationship between XXD related genes (XXDRGs) and the clinicopathological characteristics of lung cancer patients from TCGA. We identified two XXD clusters and develop a XXD risk signature and aimed to identify biomarkers associated with XXD.
改写后的句子：The relationship between XXD related genes (XXDRGs) and the clinicopathological characteristics of the lung cancer patients were systematically investigated in this study, thereby two XXD clusters were identified, which were used to develop a XXD risk signature.
四、其他的技巧，如单复数改变。在crosscheck查重系统里，单复数是不同的单词，故可以达到避免重复的目的。
例句8：The Au nanoparticle exhibited good catalytical activities and ...
改写后的句子：The Au nanoparticles exhibited good catalytical activities and ...
这里原本是10110111（1 重复 ，0不重复），六个单词重复，如果将nanoparticle变为复数nanoparticles，重复单词就减少为五个，不会被查重系统判定为重复了。
同义词（synonym）替换也是避免重复非常有效的方法。
例句9：The investigation was carried out in this study.
改写后的句子: The investigation was performed in this study.
The investigation was implemented in this study.
总之，拒绝抄袭，坚持原创才是降低重复率的最佳方式。