This Consensus aims to establish a physician–pharmacist co-management model to standardize the rational clinical application of anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of allergic asthma. Focusing on the critical components of physician–pharmacist co-management, key issues related to anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody therapy were identified through a systematic literature review and clinical practice experience. Evidence quality was evaluated using an evidence grading system, and the Delphi method was applied to reach expert consensus. Centered on omalizumab, the Consensus presents 12 recommendations covering the work model of physician–pharmacist co-management, clinical management pathways, hierarchical diagnosis and treatment systems, as well as training and competency assessment. The Delphi process achieved a high degree of consensus (agreement >80%) on 12 key recommendations, emphasizing a 60-min observation period post-injection and quarterly follow-up evaluations. It establishes a standardized framework for the co-management of omalizumab therapy in allergic asthma. Results highlighted that co-management effectively monitors omalizumab dosage (75–600 mg) and maintains a consensus threshold of >80% for patient safety protocols. The Consensus provides a standardized framework for physician–pharmacist co-management, which is expected to facilitate rational drug use and improve patient care pathways in omalizumab therapy.

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the acute and serious complications of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in tumor patients. Antibiotics and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor are the mainstays of its treatment. However, this therapy still faces many challenges and may trigger drug resistance, as well as adverse effects such as bone pain and vasculitis. How to minimize treatment-related toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy has become a key issue to be addressed in current clinical practice. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of FN. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases using keywords such as TCM and FN, covering the period from their establishment to May 2025. Clinical studies have shown that the combination of TCM and modern medicine can significantly reduce the incidence of FN, while also enhancing the number of granulocytes, shortening the duration of fever, improving the quality of life of patients, and reducing other toxic effects of chemotherapy. These results suggest that TCM is a promising and safe complementary therapy. However, more high-quality trials are needed to verify its benefits. This review summarizes the latest progress in the treatment of FN with TCM and discusses future development directions.

The existing wound assessment tools, which are based on modern medical theory, limit the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing. This research aimed to develop a scientific, standardized, and characteristic TCM nursing evaluation form for chronic wounds.

Based on a literature review and research group discussions, an initial draft of an expert consultation questionnaire, based on literature from the past five years (2017–2021) from databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed, was formulated. The authority of the experts was expressed using the authority coefficient, derived from self-evaluations, which is critical for ensuring the scientific validity and rationality of the indicator system. After three rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the TCM nursing assessment form for wound surfaces was finalized.

The effective response rate for the three rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100%. The judgment coefficient was 0.85, the familiarity coefficient was 0.89, and the authority coefficient was 0.87. The coefficients of variation for the three rounds were 0.172, 0.044, and 0.013, respectively, while the Kendall’s coefficients of concordance were 0.406, 0.269, and 0.502, respectively, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). The final TCM nursing assessment form for wound surfaces included four basic information items, two primary indicators, 17 secondary indicators, and 13 tertiary indicators.

The TCM nursing assessment form integrates TCM syndrome differentiation principles and provides a standardized tool for the assessment of chronic wounds.

Hepatic iron deposition (HID) in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) is associated with histological severity in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to assess the interaction between the transferrin (TF)-rs1049296 C>T variant and HID patterns on the risk of significant liver fibrosis in MASLD.

We analyzed 406 adults with liver biopsy-confirmed MASLD. HID was categorized as hepatocellular, RES, or mixed, based on Perl's iron staining. The association between iron-related genetic variants and significant liver fibrosis (fibrosis stage ≥ F2) was analyzed, focusing on the interactions between single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes and iron deposition patterns. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders.

HID was detected in 271 (66.7%) patients, with hepatocellular, RES, and mixed patterns accounting for 11.1%, 18.0%, and 37.7%, respectively. A significant interaction was observed between HID and the TF-rs1049296 genotype (P = 0.035 for interaction). In multivariable analysis, male sex, hypertension, severe lobular inflammation, and mixed hepatocellular/RES iron deposition were independent predictors of significant liver fibrosis. RES deposition markedly increased the risk of significant liver fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio: 6.65; 95% confidence interval: 1.84–23.97, p < 0.05), particularly in men with isolated RES iron deposition (adjusted odds ratio: 5.26; 95% confidence interval: 1.21–22.81, p < 0.05).

The TF-rs1049296 T allele interacts with RES iron deposition to identify a MASLD subpopulation at elevated risk of progressive liver disease, providing opportunities for refined risk stratification and personalized management.

Preclinical studies of the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) antagonist deramciclane suggested an anxiolytic profile, which has not been unequivocally established in the clinic. The same receptor profile also indicated that the compound may exhibit antidepressant potential. However, evidence for these effects remains inconclusive. The present study examined the effect of the drug in two preclinical tests with predictive validity for antidepressant activity.

The antidepressant-like activity of deramciclane was assessed in male Sprague-Dawley rats by measuring immobility time in the forced swim test (doses: 1, 5 mg/kg) and ambulation scores in the bilateral olfactory bulbectomized (doses: 5, 10 mg/kg) rat model. In both tests, the clinically effective antidepressant imipramine served as the control condition.

In the forced swim test, there was a statistically significant effect of treatment on immobility time (F2,34 = 5.77; p < 0.01; analysis of variance), which was attributable to the effect of the 5 mg/kg dose (p < 0.01; Bonferroni post-hoc test). Deramciclane at 1 mg/kg was not significantly different from vehicle-treated animals. By contrast, neither dose of deramciclane (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) reversed the hyperactivity of olfactory bulbectomized rats, whereas imipramine was active in both tests.

Deramciclane demonstrates contradictory evidence for antidepressant-like activity in two validated pharmacological tools that identify such potential. The agent is clearly active in the forced swim test but not in the bulbectomized rat model. Further evaluation of the antidepressant-like potential of deramciclane in pharmacological models with predictive validity is warranted, and a more detailed examination of the dose-response relationship may be informative.

The history of screening for cervical cancer is rich with implementing cutting-edge ideas and technologies. From the very first “Pap smear” to the semi-automated and computerized systems of today, the way we screen for cervical cancer has changed dramatically in the past 75 years. With the advent of new techniques and more advanced machine learning algorithms, we sought to understand the current and future applications of artificial intelligence in clinical pathology around cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

A structured narrative review was conducted to examine the historical evolution and contemporary advances in cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, excisional management, and artificial intelligence applications. Peer-reviewed articles, consensus guidelines, and global policy documents published between January 1990 and March 2025 were identified through targeted searches of PubMed and review of reference lists from relevant publications. Search terms included combinations of “cervical cancer screening,” “Papanicolaou test,” “liquid-based cytology,” “HPV testing,” “colposcopy,” “loop electrosurgical excision procedure,” “digital pathology,” “deep learning,” and “artificial intelligence.” Emphasis was placed on multi-center validation studies, systematic reviews, regulatory and implementation guidance, and global health frameworks. Publications lacking methodological transparency or direct relevance to clinical or translational practice were excluded.

Through a review of the literature, we describe how innovations in conventional and liquid-based cytology, human papillomavirus testing, and organized screening programs established the current prevention framework. Building on this foundation, recent studies demonstrate promising performance of deep learning algorithms applied to conventionally prepared cervical cytology slides, with systems capable of binary normal versus abnormal classification as well as more granular diagnostic categorization. Artificial intelligence-assisted colposcopy and computer-vision approaches have also shown improved diagnostic concordance, workflow efficiency, and potential to expand screening capacity in resource-limited environments.

There has been much work done in the past several years surrounding the implementation of deep learning algorithms in regard to cervical cancer screening. The work in this field shows promise in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, streamlining diagnostic workflow, and decreasing turnaround times from specimen collection to rendering a diagnosis. However, there are still many technical, legal, and ethical questions that must be answered prior to widespread adoption of these algorithms for patient care.

For individuals with decompensated advanced chronic liver disease (dACLD), the onset of refractory ascites (RA) represents a dramatic event. In this setting, a relevant proportion of RA patients develop kidney dysfunction, as well as hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury, with limited therapeutic and survival chances. An 81-year-old woman with dACLD-RA was admitted with severe ascites and stage IV chronic kidney dysfunction. On the second day, hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury occurred, requiring standard medical therapy. Intravenous human albumin (HA) and terlipressin administration were compromised by poor venous access and severe respiratory dysfunction. After excluding transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and transplantation due to age and comorbidities, peritoneal dialysis (PD) was initiated, leading to renal recovery and ascites resolution. Two weeks later, she was readmitted due to the unfeasibility of accessing peripheral veins for the intravenous administration of HA, which was essential to support circulatory function, preserve oncotic balance, and properly manage both RA and chronic kidney dysfunction. A novel PD+HA protocol was therefore started, with intraperitoneal infusion of HA-enriched dialysate to allow a positive albumin gradient from dialysate to blood. Over 12 months, serum albumin levels increased, and clinical stability and improved nutritional status were observed, with no additional hospitalizations or complications. This is the first case describing the application of HA-enriched PD in managing a dACLD patient with RA and kidney dysfunction. HA-enriched PD may represent a promising strategy in complex dACLD care by guaranteeing frequent and small-volume paracentesis and preservation of oncotic pressure without dialytic albumin loss.

Amaranth is conventionally consumed as a significant source of nutrients and bioactive compounds and is a potential alternate crop. The present study aimed to validate the folklore and ethnomedicinal claims regarding the utilization of foliar tissues of the pseudocereal Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. for their pharmacological propensities, primarily focusing on bioactive polyphenolic compounds and associated anti-degenerative properties, in view of the scarce evidence available on the same.

Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array assay of nineteen significant bioactive polyphenolic compounds, along with their in vitro antioxidant-based pharmacological properties (superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging properties, metal-chelating and reducing properties, radical scavenging properties, anti-lipid peroxidation and protein coagulation properties, and α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities), were assessed and compared for foliar extracts of ten promising experimental accessions of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, grown in two different seasons (summer and winter).

The results exhibited germplasm-specific variations in the pharmacological potential of foliar tissues of the experimental amaranths, which can be substantiated by data showing a close correlation between the abundance of bioactive polyphenolic compounds (naringin, myricetin, naringenin, apigenin, rutin, catechin, quercetin) and in vitro antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging, reducing, and metal-chelating) properties, as well as anti-diabetic (inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities) and anti-inflammatory (anti-lipid peroxidation) attributes. Accessions IC107144 and IC47434 stood out as the most promising medicinal crops based on overall in vitro anti-degenerative properties and the bioavailability of polyphenolic compounds.

Overall, the results validated the traditional ethnomedicinal claim regarding the utilization of foliar tissues of the underutilized pseudocereal Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., and identified lead germplasms (IC107144 and IC47434) as low-cost natural sources of bioactive compounds, potentially promoting their pharmacological utilization.